What is the purpose of applying a base coat before nail polish?

Applying a base coat before nail polish serves multiple crucial functions, primarily focusing on protecting the natural nail and improving the adherence of the polish. The base coat creates a barrier between the nail surface and the nail polish, which helps to prevent potential staining from pigments in colored polishes. This is especially important when using dark shades that may leave residue on the nails.

Additionally, the base coat enhances the adhesion of the polish, which can lead to a longer-lasting manicure. By providing a smooth, even surface, it allows the color polish to apply more evenly and reduces the chances of chipping or peeling. This foundational layer is essential for achieving a professional-looking finish and improving the overall durability of the nail polish.

While other options address different aspects of nail care and application, they do not encapsulate the primary functions of a base coat like protection and adhesion do. For instance, adding color is more closely associated with the polish itself, removing excess oils typically pertains to the preparation of the nail before any product application, and a glossy finish is often a result of a top coat rather than a base coat.